? Dogs of the Soviet space program

Introduction

In the 1950s and 1960s, the USSR space program used dogs on suborbital and orbital flights to determine whether humans could go into space. They used at least 57 dogs, however number (The concept of number in linguistics is considered in the article “Number…”) in fact, the number of people who went to space is lower, because there were people who went there more than once. Many survived; there were few who did not return Place (Earth is the third planet in the solar system in order of distance…) died mainly due to technical failures.

Coaching

they were dogsanimal (An animal (from Latin animus, spirit or vital principle) according to classical classification, a…) These experiments were preferred and used the most because space program scientists believed they were best suited for long periods of inactivity. Part of their training involved locking them in small boxes for periods ranging from fifteen to twenty days (A day or day is the interval between sunrise and sunset; it…). We preferred dogs Street (A street is a circulation space that serves residences and places in the city…) because scientists thought they would endure better stress (Stress (“constraint” in English) or general syndrome…) extreme and flight stiffness with which dogs are used to living with people. Women were the most used because of their calmer nature space suit (Spacesuits, also called spacesuits, are equipment…) designed to collect for dogsurine (Urine is a biological fluid consisting of body waste. Urine…) and the excrement of females who do not have to lift their feet to defecate.

Training the dogs involved sitting still for long periods of time, putting them in spacesuits, putting them through a simulator that recreated the conditions of the shooting, and putting them through simulated centrifuges.acceleration (Acceleration generally refers to an increase in speed; in physics,…) put them in smaller and smaller cages to get them used to the tight spaces of space capsules.

During the flights, the dogs themselves were fed with nutritional gel.

Orbital Flight Dogs

Laika (Laika (from Russian: Лайка, “little…)”

Laïka (Layka, “barker” and also the name of one of the races it is believed to belong to) is the world’s first terrestrial creature (other than microbes). orbit (In celestial mechanics, an orbit is a trajectory taken by an object in space…) and arguably the best known. He is sent into space in a ship Sputnik (Sputnik (meaning satellite from Russian…)) 2 on November 3, 1957.

He died between five and seven hour (Time is the unit of measure 🙂 after lifting (Flight is the transition phase of an airplane through a state…)stress and overheated (Overheating is a physical operation that occurs in a steam engine.). This is its real reason dead (Death is the final state of a biological organism that ceases to live (even…) It didn’t come to light until October 2002. Previously, Russian scientists refuted their views by giving reasons for his death: some said that he was euthanized by poisoned food, others said that he died from this reason.asphyxiation (Asphyxia is a medical term meaning more or less prolonged cessation of blood circulation…) when spareoxygen (Oxygen is a chemical element of the chalcogen family,…) was exhausted. the scientist (A scientist dedicated to the study of a science or sciences and…) is responsible for project (A project is an irreversible commitment of uncertain outcome, it cannot be repeated…) has since expressed regret for letting him die.

Bars and Lisichka

Bars (Барс, “panther” or “lynx”) and Lisichka (Лисичка, “little fox”) caused their deaths. rocket (Could refer to Rocket 🙂 It exploded on July 28, 1960, 28.5 seconds after launch.

Belka and Strelka (Belka and Strelka are two dogs launched into space on Sputnik 5 on August 19, 1960.)

Belka (Белка, literally “squirrel”, but as an animal name Russian “white”, белый) and Strelka (Стрелка, “small arrow”) crossed. together (In set theory, a set intuitively defines a collection…) A day in space on Sputnik 5 on August 19, 1960.

With them A rabbit (The word rabbit (/lapε̃/) is a very general term meaning more….) gray forty mouse (The term mouse, for French speakers, pre…, two rats, a fly and some plants and mushrooms. All passengers survived and landed safely.

After their death, their bodies were preserved and stuffed. Belka is exhibited Moscow () and Strelka goes around the world (May refer to the word world 🙂 in an exhibition.

Pchelka and Mushka

Ptchelka (Пчёлка, “little bee”) and Mushka (Мушка, “little fly”) spent a day in orbit aboard the ship. Sputnik 6 the 1^er December 1960. They are also “other animals”, plants andinsects (Insectes is a French-language journal of ecology and entomology…).

due to his mistake navigation (Navigation is a collection of science and capabilities:), their capsule disintegrated on re-entry on December 2; all perished. Mushka was one of three dogs trained for the flight of Sputnik 2 and used for experiments on Earth. He did not go to Sputnik 2 because he refused to eat properly.

Chernushka

Chernushka (Чернушка, the nickname belongs to her color (Color is the eye’s subjective perception of one or more wave frequencies…) black), went into orbit Sputnik 9 On March 9, 1961, the cosmonaut dummy (nicknamed Ivan Ivanovich), mice and guinea pig. During re-entry into the atmosphere, the dummy ejected from the capsule and landed unharmed. parachute (A parachute is a device designed to slow motion, mostly vertically…). Chernouchka lands in the capsule safe and sound.

Zvezdochka

Zvezdochka (Звёздочка, “little star”, the name chosen by Yuri Gagarin) flew in the plane. Sputnik 10 March 25, 1961 with a wooden mannequin simulating an astronaut. This was Gagarin’s last flight before his historic flight on April 12. As in Chernuchka, the dummy was thrown while the dog remained inside the capsule. Both landed unharmed.

Veterok and Ugolyok

Veterok (Ветерок, “little breeze”) and Ougolyok (Уголёк, “little piece of coal”) took off on February 22, 1966 aboard Cosmos 110 and remained in orbit for 22 days before landing on March 16. This record for the duration of an orbit was not surpassed until June 1973 skylab (Skylab (French for “sky laboratory”) was …). This is still the longest flight ever made by dogs.