? Citrus – Definition and Explanations

Introduction

The citrus are the fruits of plants belonging to the genus citrus, Fortunella, Microcitrus, Eremocitrus and Poncirus (family Rutaceae), including lemons, clementines, kumquats, bergamot, files (Lime is the name given by modern historians to the Roman fortification system…)tangerines, oranges, grapefruits, pomelos, tangerines and lemons.

Genre Fortunella includes kumquats. Genre Poncirus contains single species (Species in life sciences (from Latin species, “type”…) which produces inedible fruits.

Origin

Citrus fruits are his homeland Southeast (Southeast is the direction between the south and east cardinal points. Southeast is…) Asia (China, North east (North-east is the half-way between the north and east cardinal points. North-east…) India, Malaysia, Oceania). From this area, dispersion (In wave mechanics, dispersion is a phenomenon that affects the wave…) It would happen towards the east of Indiaarchipelago (An archipelago is a group of islands relatively close to each other. Proximity…) Malay, Chinese south (South is the cardinal point against north.).

Biology

A girl carrying a lemon (Painting by William Bouguereau – XIX^e century)

The skin (Skin is an organ made up of several layers of tissue. It, among other things,…) from fruit (In botany, a fruit is a plant organ that protects a seed…) a shell (Bark is the outer covering of tree trunks, branches and roots and more…) (pericarp) consists of two concentric layers. The surface layer is rough and durable color (Color is the eye’s subjective perception of one or more wave frequencies…) to live often yellow (There are (at least) five definitions of the color yellow, which are roughly the same…) Orange under the influence of flavonoids is called epicarp or flavedo or even flavor the kitchen (Cooking is a set of techniques for preparing food…). Layer internal (In France, this name designates a doctor, pharmacist or dental surgeon…)white and spongy, mesocarp or is albedo (Albedo is the ratio of solar energy reflected by a surface to solar energy…).

The pulp consists of juicy wedges containing caterpillars. He is rich vitamin C (Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is sensitive to heat and light.).

These are non-climacteric fruits that should be harvested when ripe. They are durable transportation (Transport, from Latin trans, beyond, and portare, to carry, the fact of carrying something, or…) and protection.

If the fruits are quite easy to distinguish at the culinary level, the distinction of the botanical species is complicated, on the other hand, because the different species hybridize very easily and are difficult to correct. Genre citrus (Citrus – the name of a plant genus of the Rutaceae family from warm countries, grouping…) resulting in no more than eleven species.

The story

He is fromuse it (Usage is the act of using something.) evoking Greek mythology to invoke citrus fruits hesperidesNamed after one of Hercules’ labors: gathering golden apples from the garden of the Hesperides. Titan (Click image for description) Atlas. This is a Renaissance interpretation, since the ancient Greeks did not grow citrus fruits, and quince was grown in the garden of the Hesperides on the Atlantic coast.

Citrus fruits would be grown East (East corresponds to the eastern cardinal point and is opposite to west (west)). From IV^e Millennium (A millennium is a period of a thousand years, that is, ten centuries.). Of all time (Time, by man…, citrus fruits are highly valued for their decorative properties, aromas, medicinal properties, and taste. Their diffusion (In everyday language, the term diffusion refers to the concept of …) in Asia (Asia is one of the five continents or part of the supercontinents of Eurasia or Afro-Eurasia…) takes place in the middle ages, West (The West or western world is the geographical area originally referred to…) He is slow (Lente is a river in Tuscany.) and selective.

Citrus has become the most cultivated fruit in the world the world (May refer to the word world 🙂 in two stages: mastering the techniques sugar (What is commonly called sugar has been a “sweet relish” since 1406…) and some distillation (Distillation is the process of separating a mixture of liquids…) In the Middle Ages by Andalusian Arabs (sweet citrus fruits, water (Water is a ubiquitous chemical compound on Earth, essential for everyone…) of flower (A flower consists of all reproductive organs and envelopes…) d’oranger) who spread them in the West, and then systematized their use vitamin (A vitamin is an essential organic substance (in doses ranging from micrograms to…) In the 1920s in the United States, C diffused them New world (The New World is a term that designates the Americas as well as Oceania,…) first in Florida (morning orange juice).

lemon tree (Citrus medicine), was the first species cultivated in Mesopotamia Europe (Europe is a land area that…) (300 BC according to Webber, 1967). lemon tree (C. sludge) would have been known to the Romans from the year 1 century (A century is now a period of one hundred years. The word comes from the Latin word saeculum, i, which…). from our era. sour orange (C. aurantium) and orange tree (C. sinensis) entered the Mediterranean basin between X^e and XII^e century mandarin tree (C. reticulata) in the 19th century.

Broadcast the continent (The word continent comes from the Latin container “to hold together” or continents…) America is second behind travel (A trip is a journey made for a personal purpose to a more or less distant point…) Christopher Columbus. the citrus ×paradise The pomelo, endemic to the Caribbean, is undoubtedly the result of spontaneous hybridization between citrus fruits introduced to the region.

culture and transportation (Transportation is the act of moving something or someone from one place to another, most often…) citrus

Citrus fruits represent the world’s leading fruit production (80 million tons in 1995-96). The field (Area or surface area is the size of a surface. By metonymy we often designate…) estimated to be more than 3 million hectares spread over a very large area between about 40° latitude planted with citrus fruits. North (North is the cardinal point against south.) and south everything (The whole, understood as the whole of what exists, is often interpreted as the world or…) around (Autour is the name given by French bird nomenclature (update)…) of the world.

country (Country comes from the Latin pagus, which designates a territorial and tribal division…) manufacturers

The main producing countries are Brazil (15 million tons), USA (9 Mt) and China (4 Mt). In Europe, citrus fruits are grown in Mediterranean countries, Italy has a historical tradition and special know-how (Bergamot Calabria (Region of Calabria (Italian: Regione Calabria), also known as…)Limoncello from Sorrento, decorative citrus fruits from the gardens of Florence, etc.).

Division of production by types:

• orange 71%
• lemon and lime 13%
• tangerines, clementines, tangerines 10%
• pomelo and grapefruit 6%

Phytosanitary requirements

Measures have been taken to protect various citrus growing areas to limit the risk of introduction of serious diseases such as Huanglongbing (yellow dragon disease) or citrus canker, or to create a new source of phytovirus infection. simple.

The traffic (Traffic (Anglicism: traffic) is the movement of motor vehicles…) citrus on top territory (The concept of territory is becoming more and more important in geography and especially…) must be done with a plant passport and importing plants from another continent is strictly prohibited. Even in the United States, there are restrictions on shipping citrus fruits between certain states.

Transportation

Citrus fruits are often transported long distances by sea in ships or refrigerated containers. An interesting technique to save and highlight to taste (For the ability to judge beautiful things, see Taste (aesthetics)) who’scitrus (Citrus fruits are the fruits of plants belonging to the genus Citrus, Fortunella, Microcitrus, etc.) consists of mixing apples and citrus fruits with great rigor during the journey a temperature (Temperature is a physical quantity measured with a thermometer and…) It is chosen between 5 and 6 °C. Thus, lemons and oranges packed with apples from Florida at 5.1°C and those from Uruguay at 6.1°C develop their own special flavors.

In general, carefully regulated and controlled temperatures during transport of a single species prevent the development of specific parasitic microbes. The art of transportation has better recognized the protective properties of citrus fruits.

Importing and exporting countries

Belgium, a non-producing country, is the leading exporter of citrus fruits. Antwerp, the world’s leading fruit port, handled 3.2 million tonnes of citrus in 2007/2008. It is followed in Europe by Rotterdam (1.8 Mt), Skerness or Hamburg (about 1 Mt), Zeebrugge (0.8 Mt), Marseille (0.6 Mt)… Dunkirk (0.3 Mt), Port near Perpignan -Vendres (0.2 Mt) is coming. … Dieppe (0.1 Mt), Le Havre (0.1 Mt)